Numerical simulation of oxy-coal combustion for a swirl burner with EDC model简

The characteristics of oxy-coal combustion for a swirl burner with a specially designed preheating chamber are studied numerically. In order to increase the accuracy in the prediction of flame temperature and igni- tion position, eddy dissipation concept （EDC） model with a skeletal chemical reaction mechanism was adopted to describe the combustion of volatile matter. Simulation was conducted under six oxidant stream conditions with dif- ferent OjN2/CO2 molar ratios： 21/79/0, 30/70/0, 50/50/0, 21/0/79, 30/0/70 and 50/0/50. Results showed that 02 en- richment in the primary oxidant stream is in favor of combustion stabilization, acceleration of ignition and increase of maximum flame temperature, while the full substitution of N2 by CO2 in the oxidant stream delays ignition and decreases the maximum flame temperature. However, the overall flow field and flame shapes in these cases are very similar at the same flow rate of the primary oxidant stream. Combustion characteristics of the air-coal is similar to that of the oxy-coal with 30% 02 and 70% CO2 in the oxidant stream, indicating that the rear condition is suitable for retrofitting an air-coal fired boiler to an oxy-coal one. The swirl burner with a specially designed preheating chamber can increase flame temperature, accelerate ignition and enhance burning intensity of pulverized coal under oxy-coal combustion. Also, qualitative experimental validation indicated the burner can reduce the overall NOx emission under certain 02 enrichment and oxy-coal combustion conditions against the air-coal combustion.     

装配式拼装型减震墙板框架单元性能试验研究

为研究装配式拼装型减震墙板框架的减震机理与性能,设计4榀单层单跨装配式减震墙板框架、普通墙板框架和空框架模型试件,通过低周反复加载试验对比研究其破坏特征、滞回曲线、刚度退化和耗能能力等。试验结果表明：装配式拼装型减震墙板框架滞回曲线饱满、耗能能力强;拼装型减震墙板所提供的附加抗侧刚度和水平承载力有限,释放对装配式框架的过强约束作用,从而减轻或避免普通填充墙板附加刚度效应所带来的结构抗震不利影响;无论拼装与否,减震墙板通过合理构造与设计均可减小或避免大位移加载工况下墙板自身的破坏;拼装型减震墙板应注意墙板施工精度控制,否则会影响其减震性能,导致不必要的墙板破坏。     

基于混合消能减震技术的组合结构独柱高架站台抗震性能研究

结合高性能组合结构形式以及混合消能减震体系的双重技术优势,研发了适用于独柱长悬臂式高架站台结构的抗震体系。采用有限元分析软件MSC.MARC分别对该体系进行了强震作用下的静力弹塑性分析和动力弹塑性时程分析。分析结果表明基于MSC.MARC二次开发的纤维模型和采用宏观本构的一维非线性弹簧模型能高效准确地模拟站台结构的非线性动力特征以及损伤破坏规律。混合消能减震技术可显著提高结构的刚度和承载力,在降低主体构件耗能的同时增强结构的整体耗能能力。在体系层面,混合消能减震技术可明显改善结构刚度分布不均匀带来的不利影响,有效地降低结构的整体变形和层间位移角;在构件层面,消能减震体系能减少或避免主体构件的出铰,有效地降低主要承重构件的截面应力水平,降低悬臂梁所承受的扭矩。值得注意的是,在混合消能减震体系中,由于结构的各个薄弱环节均得到了加强,未受到消能减震构件保护的其他结构构件的地震响应可能会被放大。     

Seismic performance of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls

In this paper, composite shear walls with different encased steel plates (flat, horizontal corrugated, and vertical corrugated) were tested and simulated by Abaqus to investigate the seismic behavior of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls (SPCSWs). The failure characteristics, deformation and energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness and bearing capacity of the structures under low‐frequency cyclic load were analyzed, and indexes of the seismic performance were obtained. The formulas of the shear‐bearing capacity of steel plate concrete composite shear walls are suggested, and the shear‐sharing ratio of each member is obtained. According to the obtained results, corrugated steel plates can bond with concrete well, and the bearing capacity of the vertical corrugated SPCSW are higher than that of the horizontal corrugated SPCSW. Compared with flat SPCSW, corrugated SPCSW has higher initial stiffness and lateral stiffness, better ductility and energy dissipation ability, and the degradation of bearing capacity and stiffness is slower. The shear‐sharing ratio of a steel plate is larger than that of reinforced concrete in the flat SPCSW and the vertical corrugated SPCSW, the shear force shared by steel plate and reinforced concrete in horizontal corrugated SPCSW is basically the same.     

Pall型摩擦阻尼器的试验研究与数值分析

本文对一种改进的Pall摩擦阻尼器———T形芯板摩擦阻尼器的性能进行了试验研究和数值分析。试验内容包括摩擦片摩擦系数试验、阻尼器滞回性能试验。试验结果表明阻尼器的起滑摩擦力可由简单的摩擦片试验结果推算得到。通过滞回性能试验我们还发现,阻尼器起滑后恢复力基本保持不变,但是支撑拉力却呈显著增加趋势。考虑几何非线性的数值分析结果与滞回性能试验结果基本相符,这就意味着按传统简化计算方法设计的Pall型阻尼结构可能存在较大安全隐患。     

In-plane cyclic behaviour of a new reinforced masonry system: Experimental results

This paper describes the behaviour under cyclic shear compression of an innovative reinforced masonry system, composed of horizontally perforated units, having common steel bars or prefabricated trusses as horizontal reinforcement. At the wall edges or crossings, confining columns for vertical reinforcement are built with vertically perforated units. Experimental tests to obtain information on the in-plane cyclic behaviour of the construction system were performed on masonry panels made of horizontally perforated units and on completed reinforced masonry walls. Tests on the entire system were repeated for two wall aspect ratios and two vertical stress levels, in order to force shear type and flexural behaviour. In particular, this paper presents: (a) results of shear compression tests in terms of strength, ductility parameters, energy dissipation, viscous damping and stiffness degradation, (b) strains and the effectiveness of reinforcement, (c) the influence of various parameters such as axial load, aspect ratio, and reinforcement type on the behaviour of the reinforced masonry walls, and (d) comparison of walls built with and without vertical reinforcement.     

Effect of damping model on pre-yielding earthquake response of structures

The present paper examines differences between responses of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems with viscous and hysteretic damping to earthquake ground motions. Only responses within yield limits are considered. The structural behavior of SDOF systems with hysteretic damping is modeled by a generalized elasto-slip model of the Masing type. The model leads to a force–displacement relationship similar to that proposed by Ramberg and Osgood. The responses of the two systems are compared for a number of earthquake records. To achieve consistent comparison, parameters of the linear system with viscous damping are determined by the secant stiffness method. In many cases significant differences in the peak displacement responses and energy values have been observed between the systems. This indicates that the prediction of the response of structures to earthquake ground motions before yielding based on linear models with viscous damping may not be as accurate as used to be believed. Tentative estimates of error associated with such predictions are presented.     

两过水土石围堰不同破坏程度原因分析

两过水土石围堰导流标准和导流方案相同,在经受流量Q=3000m3/s左右的洪水后,两围堰产生了截然不同的破坏结果。从上下游堰顶高差、挑流平台高程设计及消能等方面,分析了结构物产生破坏的原因。     

消能减震技术的工程应用与展望

阐述了消能减震的基本原理及优点，介绍了国内外消能减震技术的应用情况以及消能减震结构设计标准的发展，探讨了消能减震技术的研究趋向，展望了发展前景。     

温度压力耦合作用下的岩石屈服破坏研究

以深部开采为背景,讨论了温度和压力对深部岩石变形和破坏规律的影响。将岩石的屈服破坏过程视为能量释放和能量耗散的过程,根据最小耗能原理导出了温度和压力耦合作用下的深部岩石屈服破坏准则。该准则具有明确的物理意义,即当岩石的塑性耗散能及温度梯度引起热传导的耗散能累积耗散到一定程度时,岩石就会发生破坏失稳。